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HEK293T ACE2 cells were pre-treated for 3 h with indicated concentrations of Auranofin in combination with Molnupiravir, Nirmatrelvir, or <t>Remdesivir.</t> Cells were then infected with 0.1 MOI SARS-CoV-2 Luc in the presence of the above drug combinations and 48 hpi, cell lysates were harvested for detection of luciferase activity. Heat maps represent the percentage of virus infection corresponding to drug combinations of Auranofin with (A) Molnupiravir, (C) Nirmatrelvir, and (E) Remdesivir. (B, D, and F) Show synergy score calculated using the SynergyFinder web tool using the Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) model based on the percentage inhibition values calculated in A, C, and E with Graph pad PRISM19. Data represents results from 3 independent replicates.
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HEK293T ACE2 cells were pre-treated for 3 h with indicated concentrations of Auranofin in combination with Molnupiravir, Nirmatrelvir, or Remdesivir. Cells were then infected with 0.1 MOI SARS-CoV-2 Luc in the presence of the above drug combinations and 48 hpi, cell lysates were harvested for detection of luciferase activity. Heat maps represent the percentage of virus infection corresponding to drug combinations of Auranofin with (A) Molnupiravir, (C) Nirmatrelvir, and (E) Remdesivir. (B, D, and F) Show synergy score calculated using the SynergyFinder web tool using the Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) model based on the percentage inhibition values calculated in A, C, and E with Graph pad PRISM19. Data represents results from 3 independent replicates.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: An Oral Combination therapy against SARS-CoV-2 based on Synergistic Action of Auranofin and Remdesivir

doi: 10.64898/2025.12.19.695342

Figure Lengend Snippet: HEK293T ACE2 cells were pre-treated for 3 h with indicated concentrations of Auranofin in combination with Molnupiravir, Nirmatrelvir, or Remdesivir. Cells were then infected with 0.1 MOI SARS-CoV-2 Luc in the presence of the above drug combinations and 48 hpi, cell lysates were harvested for detection of luciferase activity. Heat maps represent the percentage of virus infection corresponding to drug combinations of Auranofin with (A) Molnupiravir, (C) Nirmatrelvir, and (E) Remdesivir. (B, D, and F) Show synergy score calculated using the SynergyFinder web tool using the Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) model based on the percentage inhibition values calculated in A, C, and E with Graph pad PRISM19. Data represents results from 3 independent replicates.

Article Snippet: To this end, we tested Auranofin in combination with widely established SARS-CoV-2 DAAs namely nucleoside analogues Remdesivir , Molnupiravir , and the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor Nirmatrelvir.

Techniques: Infection, Luciferase, Activity Assay, Virus, Inhibition